Portrayal of the Holocaust in Maus Written by Spiegelman...

Both Maus, written by Art Spiegelman, and Life is beautiful, directed by Roberto Benigni have two very different portrayals of the holocaust and their main characters both have different strengths that allow them and their families to keep afloat during the Holocaust. Vladek and Guido use their individual strengths to survive the prison camps and help their loved ones to survive as well. Both Vladek and Guido have families they need to keep track of while living in the harsh environment of the concentration camps. Guido’s ability to be comical and a quick thinker allows him and his son to stay alive. The resourcefulness of Vladek and his quick learning skill allow him and his wife to stay alive. Vladek and Guido are not alone in the†¦show more content†¦When told to translate orders to the other italian prisoners, he makes it come off as a game in order for his son to stay calm. â€Å"The game starts now. You have to score one thousand points. If you do that, you tak e home a tank with a big gun.† This keeps his son from realizing the harsh reality in which the concentration camps are. As Giosue finds more things that seem suspicious to him, Guido is able to tie it into the â€Å"game† he has made or is able to make it seem like something harmless. Giosue states, â€Å"‘No Jews or Dogs Allowed.’ Why do all the shops say, ‘No Jews Allowed’?† Guido replies back, â€Å"Oh, that. ‘Not Allowed’ signs are the latest trend! The other day, I was in a shop with my friend the kangaroo, but their sign said, ‘No Kangaroos Allowed,’ and I said to my friend, ‘Well, what can I do? They dont allow kangaroos.’† It should be noted that Giosue’s stubbornness to take a shower helped him endure. In the movie it is expressed that when the kids are told to â€Å"take a shower† that actually means that they will be taken to and oven then either burnt or gassed. Whe n Giosue refuses to take a shower he saved his life. It should also be noted that Guido had a connection inside the camp. While working as a waiter, he meets Dr. Lessing, who works for the nazis(Nazis). They reunite in a gas chamber, where they were forced to go after Guido’s

What Is Encryption Hierarchy And How Do You Set Up An...

Q7: What is encryption hierarchy and how do you set up an encryption policy using symmetric, asymmetric /certificates? Briefly explain When first installed SQL Server, use the service account password to encrypt the work Master Key. Done in this 128-bit Triple DES algorithm and the Data Windows Protection API (DPAPI). The service master key at the root of the hierarchy of SQL Server encryption is and is not used to encrypt the master key for each data. Although a lot of work to manage the construction, require preparation of publications to manage the database. This company cans co-ordinator for each database, and the need for encryption. It is important to the database, however, the teachers used to encrypt a symmetric keysand has been used for the certificate for encryption of private data . Symmetric keys The two main types of fees in a simple surface and very low Central server financial and operational affairs. For more weight With the two central parts of the code text and source of the main characters. This causes because there is no way for a large number of security risks, not just one operation Cryptographic transaction is actually correct. However, it is still strong enough SQL Server data sources in the area, and it is often used for encryption.SQL Server lets you use the following algorithms in symmetric key encryption: †¢ Data Encryption Standard (DES) †¢ Triple DES (3DES) †¢ RC2 †¢ RC4 †¢ RC4 (128 bit) †¢ DESX †¢ Advanced Encryption Standard (AES; 128-, 192-, orShow MoreRelatedWindows Sql Server Database Design And Optimization Essay4264 Words   |  18 Pagesrequirement depends like how much space is already being used by the database data files and how much more should be added for transaction log files, portion of tempdb that helps in database activities and full text index or reorganisation of index. Disk throughput capacity: - Storage requirement can be known by the access of I/O rate according to the database requirement. The IOPS and space capacity is inversely proportional to each other. Hence the disk capacity isn’t going to go up if the I/O operationRead MoreWhen Designing The Hardware And Software Infrastructure5952 Words   |  24 Pagesfirewall Central processing unit Visual Basic (VB) Power supply Storage requirements: - storage requirements is first and most important in designing. A lot of consideration go into analysing the storage requirements. The physical size of the database, you need to consider the transaction growth rate and data distribution requirements. 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A Discussion of Rabelais Gargantua and Pantagruel free essay sample

This paper takes a look at Francois Rabelais Gargantua and Pantagruel. This paper takes a look at Francois Rabelais life and how his upbringing influenced his work. The work examined in this paper is `Gargantua and Pantagruel`. Firstly a description of his upbringing in a historical context is provided and then a concise look at the novel. The characters are analyzed and contrasted. From the paper: `Because to laugh is proper to the man.? ? Francois Rabelais. Francois Rabelais was a satirist. Throughout his life, he was bombarded with Christian ideals and ideas, yet his works certainly ridicule many aspects of the Christian faith. Francois Rabelais was born in 1483 at Chinon in Touraine. This date, as well as many other details of his life, is in dispute by scholars all over the world. Some researchers believe that his father was an apothecary while others believe that Rabelais? father was an innkeeper. Francois began his studies with the Benedictines but eventually joined the Franciscans where he stayed fifteen years and received his Holy Orders. We will write a custom essay sample on A Discussion of Rabelais Gargantua and Pantagruel or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He later found the convent was against the studies of the Renaissance that he favoured, so with permission from the Pope, he left it. At his new convent home he continued his study of medicine in 1530. By the following year, he was a professor of anatomy at Lyons as well as head physician at Pont-du-Rhone hospital. During his time as head physician, he fathered a child that died young. In 1534 he began his time with Cardinal du Bellay as a physician. He received an indult from Pope Paul III that allowed him to practice medicine and absolved him from his former infraction of fathering a child while in the priesthood.`

Zara It Analysis free essay sample

How would you advise Salgado to proceed on the issue of upgrading Zara’s POS systems? 3 -Should the company upgrade the POS terminals to modern operating system? 3 -Should the company build in-store networks? 4 -Should the company give employees the ability to look up inventory balances for items in their own stores? 4 -Should the company give employees the ability to look up inventory balances for items in their other stores? 4 What is the Zara â€Å"business model†? How is it different from the business model of other large clothing retailers? What weaknesses, if any, do you see within this business model? Is it scalable? 4 In your opinion, what are the most important aspects of Zara’s approach to information technology? Are these approaches applicable and appropriate anywhere? 6 References7 Brief Summary of Zara Zara is a fashion brand that was founded in 1975 by Amancio Ortega, who believed that retailing and manufacturing must be closely linked to provide a speedy response to consumers’ demands. We will write a custom essay sample on Zara It Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Unlike other fashion chains, Zara did not invest extensively with advertising and marketing to generate sales, instead, they set up their stores in prime locations. Zara’s selling strategy relies on fast turnover of their merchandise, aiming primarily at seasonal fashions. Their decentralised approach in decision making, allows store managers to make decisions on which items should be on sale, and which items should be replenished based on their experiences and feedback with local customers. The commercial team also observed local trends and communicated with store managers as to which line of clothing would sell, and so transferred those items to other stores where they would sell well. Zara did not try to produce clothes in the high end market. Their clothing had a short life span and was not extremely durable. They aimed at the speedy supply of top fashion trends, while continuously creating new items, including new designs or altering the design of existing clothes. Because of their rapid turnover in garments, Zara shoppers knew that they would have to purchase the clothes when they first came on sale, or take the risk of missing out. In terms of its operation, Zara established a three step approach: ordering fulfilment, design and manufacturing. Store orders included re-stocking of existing items and requests for new garments. Each store uses its handheld devices to order by walking around the store and â€Å"beaming† the garments. Headquarters were able to communicate with store managers, utilising the device for availability and lists of new garments. In terms of order fulfilment, Zara’s commercial team matched the aggregated orders which were requested from all of the stores (demand) and the inventory levels (supply) in the SKU at the same period. If the supply and demand were met, shipments would be fulfilled. If not, the commercial managers needed to make a decision on the quantities of store allocation, based on the history of sales patterns. In terms of design and manufacturing, Zara used vertically integrated manufacturing operations to allow it to introduce new items constantly. Its own network of production facilities and workshops enabled speedy production turnaround time, thus enhancing the capability for Zaras ever ready response to the constantly changing fashion tastes of its customers. The network provides flexibility of production, thus allowing Zara’s commercials to simply make estimation as to how well the garments would sell. Stores orders indicate the level of production needed, therefore the company did not have to rely on sales forecasts. (Mcaffe, Dessain, Sjoman, 2007). How would you advise Salgado to proceed on the issue of upgrading Zara’s POS systems? I would advise that Salgado should initiate an IT project, upgrading POS systems as well as the hardware to support it. Also an upgrade of its internet capabilities, because without the speed of the internet, data will not be transmitted quickly enough. With an IT technology upgrade, manual intervention would be eliminated, thus promoting operational efficiency (Moore, 2009). * Should the company upgrade the POS terminals to modern operating system? Yes, the POS terminals were out-dated and were being backed by DOS operating system which Microsoft no longer supported. They are running a risk of the product becoming obsolete and being unable to maintain support from vendors. Up-to-date operating system would provide more user friendly mechanisms, more functionality, thus allowing effective communication between stores and headquarters. New modern operating systems would allow simple standardisation and sharing of data across the board. Modern operating systems also provide more security platforms (such as credit card details), inventory management, and report generation for decision making. Also it allows real time transactions to be recorded. * Should the company build in-store networks? Yes, the company is missing out on communication and information sharing within the store network system. The in-store network allows connectivity and provides daily sales totals, also ordering in â€Å"real time â€Å"processing. It allows POS terminals to talk to one another and allows viewing of up-to-date data at any time. * Should the company give employees the ability to look up inventory balances for items in their own stores? Absolutely, as it will save time during the ordering process. Also by knowledge of the inventory level enabling the stores personnel to carefully plan the ordering of each item. Store managers will also be able to utilise the system to see inventory balances and make decisions on ordering. * Should the company give employees the ability to look up inventory balances for items in their other stores? Yes, not only will it allow inter-store transfers, but also provide better customer services, and to let the customers know from which store the items will be available. It not only retains the sales within Zara, but also the customers in the long term. Happy customers will always return. What is the Zara â€Å"business model†? How is it different from the business model of other large clothing retailers? What weaknesses, if any, do you see within this business model? Is it scalable? Zara operated on a Vertical Operations Business Model, controlling every level of value chain: factories, workshops, processing, and distributions centre. It carried out virtually no advertising, relying heavily on store images. Zara was very brand centric. Its website only as showed a few garments at any time. Also it did not have internet shopping facilities as current DC did not cater for shipping small orders and handling returns of garments. Mcaffe, Dessain, Sjoman, 2007). In addition to its own fashion launch twice a year, Zara constantly created new garments and the quantities needed were practically driven by customer demand. This approach would not be achievable without the support of back end manufacturing process and distribution facilities. Both Zara and other larger retailers shared a similar mission: that is a spe edy reaction to alter changes in tastes or customer demands, however their business models are a contrast, (e. g. Hamp;M), and others relied heavily on advertising and outsourcing its production. They instead carried out their forecast for sales and marketing achievements, also installed a more robust website on which they were able to provide more functionality such as garment launch, customer loyalty programs, online ordering and customer feedback (Pahi, 2008). The weakness of this model could be that Zara did not run an efficient scale of economies as they produced a too varied a range of garments in a small quantities. Also it did not utilise the website well to communicate with customers and promote its products. Probably not so back in 2007, however, in hindsight, internet shopping has proven an epic shake up. The spending patterns have changed and consumers prefer to have instant access to style and fashion advice as provided on the website. Because of its current distribution infrastructure, Zara could not handle internet shopping, and would need to look at its current IT infrastructure to enable the changes to keep up with the shift in the fashion paradigm. (The business of fashion,2013) The business model could be scalable by upgrading IT technology to be more compatible, also to suit current consumers need while providing a speedier / real time response allowing a more competitive edge amongst its competitors (World Press, 2012). In your opinion, what are the most important aspects of Zara’s approach to information technology? Are these approaches applicable and appropriate anywhere? Zara’s approach to information technology was very light. It obviously did not utilise leverage of its IT technology to reach their business requirements, or to maximise their efficiencies. They could hardly call themself an IT savvy firm. The senior management had affinity for IT and were not strategically committed to its use. Minimal investment was placed on information technology, but instead they invested heavily on the back end processing. Their IT department wrote most of its applications and all of their IT support was carried out in a central location. Current DOS-based systems to support POS would be a risky in the near future as it may not be compatible to technological changes and revised improvements. Throughout the value chain, the most utilised automation was the DC. From ordering to ordering fulfilment, stores used the dial up modem for business connectivity and information sharing. There were no standardised interfacing to interact all of the applications, e. . stores sales patterns and inventory levels should be linked to the head quarter’s inventory management system thus leading to ordering proposals and transfer of goods. The order quantities could then be decided based on garment availability. Plant production could also make use of the information to run optimal production in a short period of time. Lack of these IT platforms not only provided incorrect data, but also delaying the decision makin g process.

WPU essays

WPU essays A University should be a place of delight, of liberty, and of learning How could the Seton Hall University help me achieve intellectual independence and assist me in pursuing a life of ideas? Seton Hall University would allow me to fulfill my perfectionist ideals; I would be able to compete with the best and the brightest. Moreover, the non-academic life within a dynamic campus, and a strong sense of community would enhance the challenging courses that the university has to offer. It is not simple to find a distinctive institution with incredible resources as well as personal attention. With a small faculty-to-student ratio in all classes, I could truly have significant interaction with the professors while simultaneously retaining the knowledge Id be acquiring. The hands-on experience with up-to-date equipment would be like a dream come true as Id encompass myself with ubiquitous, influential technology which is taken for granted by the common person. Taking advantage of the broad spectrum of undergraduate programs, I would improve my ability to think quantitatively, solve complicated problems, and apply my knowledge to the real world. Therefore, I have always been interested in the field of buisness, for it embodies my favorite subjects. As my calculus teacher frantically writes the equations of integrals on the board, I jot down the notes with a clear understanding of what the signs stand for and the logic behind them. Business is a major that is expected to continue experiencing growth, especially strong in areas emphasizing technology. Our society is becoming more technologically driven day by day, and is always on the look-out for expansion and increasing efficiency. By choosing Buisness as a profession, I am able to contribute to the well-being of the society as well as rigorously challenging my intellectual abilities. Although both frustration and jubilation will ensue as I endeavor to find creative solutions to d...

Queen Victorias Golden Jubilee Celebrations

Queen Victorias Golden Jubilee Celebrations Queen Victoria reigned for 63 years and was honored by two great public commemorations of her longevity as ruler of the British Empire. Her Golden Jubilee, to mark the 50th anniversary of her reign, was observed in June 1887. European heads of state, as well as delegations of officials from throughout the empire, attended lavish events in Britain. The Golden Jubilee festivities were widely seen not only as a celebration of Queen Victoria but as an affirmation of Britains place as a global power. Soldiers from throughout the British Empire marched in processions in London. And in the distant outposts of the empire celebrations were also held. Not everyone was inclined to celebrate the longevity of Queen Victoria or the supremacy of Britain. In Ireland, there were public expressions of protest against British rule. And Irish Americans held their own public gatherings to denounce British oppression in their homeland. Ten years later, Victorias Diamond Jubilee celebrations were held to mark Victorias 60th anniversary on the throne. The 1897 events were distinctive as they seemed to mark the end of an era, as they were the last great assemblage of European royalty. Preparations for Queen Victorias Golden Jubilee As the 50th anniversary of Queen Victorias reign approached, the British government felt that a monumental celebration was in order. She had become queen in 1837, at the age of 18, when the monarchy itself had seemed to be coming to an end. She had successfully restored the monarchy to where it occupied a preeminent place in British society. And by any accounting, her reign had been successful. Britain, by the 1880s, stood astride much of the world. And despite small-scale conflicts in Afghanistan and Africa, Britain had essentially been at peace since the Crimean War three decades earlier. There was also a feeling that Victoria deserved a great celebration as she had never celebrated her 25th anniversary on the throne. Her husband, Prince Albert, had died young, in December 1861. And the celebrations which likely would have occurred in 1862, which would have been her Silver Jubilee, were simply out of the question. Indeed, Victoria became fairly reclusive after Alberts death, and when she did appear in public, she would be dressed in widows black. In early 1887 the British government began making preparations for the Golden Jubilee. Many Events Preceded Jubilee Day in 1887 The date of large public events was to be June 21, 1887, which would be the first day of the 51st year of her reign. But a number of associated events began in early May. Delegates from British colonies, including Canada and Australia, gathered and met with Queen Victoria on May 5, 1887, at Windsor Castle. For the next six weeks, the queen participated in a number of public events, including helping to lay the cornerstone for a new hospital. At one point in early May, she expressed curiosity about an American show then touring England, Buffalo Bills Wild West Show. She attended a performance, enjoyed it, and later met cast members. The queen traveled to one of her favorite residences, Balmoral Castle in Scotland, to celebrate her birthday on May 24, but planned to return for London for the major events which would take place close to the anniversary of her accession, June 20. The Golden Jubilee Celebrations The actual anniversary of Victorias accession to the throne, June 20, 1887, began with a private commemoration. Queen Victoria, with her family, had breakfast at Frogmore, near the mausoleum of Prince Albert. She returned to Buckingham Palace, where an enormous banquet was held. Members of various European royal families attended, as did diplomatic representatives. The following day, June 21, 1887, was marked with lavish public spectacle. The queen traveled by a procession through the streets of London to Westminster Abbey. According to a book published the following year, the queens carriage was accompanied by a bodyguard of seventeen princes in military uniform, superbly mounted and wearing their jewels and orders. The princes were from Russia, Britain, Prussia, and other European nations. The role of India in the British Empire was emphasized by having a troop of Indian cavalry in the procession close to the queens carriage. Ancient Westminster Abbey had been prepared, as galleries of seats had been built to accommodate 10,000 invited guests. The service of thanksgiving was marked by prayers and music performed by the abbeys choir. That night, illuminations lit the skies of England. According to one account, On rugged cliffs and beacon hills, on mountain peaks and lofty heaths and commons, great bonfires blazed. The next day a celebration for 27,000 children was held in Londons Hyde Park. Queen Victoria paid a visit to the Childrens Jubilee. All the children attending were given a Jubilee Mug designed by the Doulton company. Some Protested the Celebrations of Queen Victorias Reign Not everyone was favorably impressed by the lavish celebrations honoring Queen Victoria. The New York Times reported that a large gathering of Irish men and women in Boston had protested the plan to hold a celebration of Queen Victorias Golden Jubilee at Faneuil Hall. The celebration at Faneuil Hall in Boston was held on June 21, 1887, despite pleas to the city government to block it. And celebrations were also held in New York City and other American cities and towns. In New York, the Irish community held its own large meeting at Cooper Institute on June 21, 1887. A detailed account in the New York Times was headlined: Irelands Sad Jubilee: Celebrating in Mourning and Bitter Memories. The New York Times story described how the capacity crowd of 2,500, in a hall decorated with black crepe, listened attentively to speeches denouncing British rule in Ireland and the actions of the British government during the Great Famine of the 1840s. Queen Victoria was criticized by one speaker as Irelands tyrant.

Assessing a Company Welness Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Assessing a Company Welness Plan - Essay Example The management should strive to capture the demographic information of all the employees including their medical history and wellness needs. The management should also incorporate the needs of the employee spouses and dependants in the wellness plans in order to attract full participation of all the employees. Cost shifting and reducing the employee benefits in order to provide the wellness programs may attract a lot of resistance from the employees Company wellness plan Introduction Employers are now expected to create safe working environments, improve the employee health and implement programs which reduce the medical costs as well as increase the employee work efficiency (Jackson, Schuler & Werner, 2012). Employers are also expected to meet the workplace health regulations set by the local and State regulatory authorities hence the company wellness plans can be customized to meet these needs. The company wellness plan should include wellness facility planning, health and producti vity plans, executive health programs, employee health improvement plans, on-site health care and worker’s compensation management (Jackson, Schuler & Werner, 2012). ... Customized Company wellness programs are beneficial to the organization and cost effective to the employer (Bray, 2009). Company wellness plans have numerous benefits to both the employers and the employee. The plans result to increased productivity, less absenteeism and reduced disability claims (Bray, 2009). Health promotion in the wellness plan gives the employees a sense of ownership of the program hence they can work together to improve the safety standards in the organization (Jackson, Schuler & Werner, 2012). Tobacco smoking is one of the leading causes of respiratory related diseases hence implementing tobacco cessation programs in the wellness plan can help the company retain most of its skilled employers and reduce the costs associated with recruiting and training new employees. Companies benefit greatly from prevention of violence in the workplace and diversity education since the wellness plans result in economic savings (Jackson, Schuler & Werner, 2012). Obesity and toba cco provoke indirect hazards related to health care hence the company can improve the welfare of the employees by addressing these health challenges. The Company wellness program develops a Company culture of shared beliefs and norms where employees know that they are expected to exhibit a particular healthy behavior and lifestyle (Jackson, Schuler & Werner, 2012). Companies face numerous challenges in implementing the wellness plans. The main challenge is the availability of demographic data of the employees. Companies’ employees comprise different age groups each with unique health needs (Bray, 2009). The company may face challenges in obtaining the disease history of the employees since such information is

Modern Stages Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Modern Stages - Essay Example The Glass Menagerie also represents a multitude of themes, although it predates the ‘kitchen sink’ concept and does not share the same number of social themes that are represented in A Taste of Honey. In The Glass Menagerie, the mother, Amanda, is developed through the memory of Tom and represents his point of view on her character. He saw his mother as a smothering influence, a woman who allowed self-deceit to rule the decisions that she made about her children. In A Taste of Honey, Helen is a woman who neglects her daughter, her actions ruled by her own desires over the welfare of her child. Both women represent a disconnection from both the world and from their children. Amanda remembers her life in her youth and is disconnected to the realities of the life that she and her children are living, while Helen also seeks her youth but does so at the expense of her child. Both mothers end up losing their children through their inability to connect to their role as mother i n regard to nurturing the potential of their children rather than pampering the memories of their own youth. In creating mothers that were disconnected from their children, the dynamic of crossing into independence, for better or worse, and adulthood was explored within each play. The Glass Menagerie The story of The Glass Menagerie (1944), written by Tennessee Williams, is a story that supports a complexity of themes that are supported by the ideas of family. Family is the core of the play, the work discussing the dynamics that both plague and connect individuals. The play has only four characters. Tom is the protagonist with his memory of the events defining the perspective from which they are related. Therefore, it must be remembered that each character is defined by his memory of them, rather than by their own motivations. His mother is characterized in the way in which he perceived her, just as his sister is defined by his memory. Therefore, his mother’s abrasiveness mig ht be relevant to his experience of her rather than encompassing the whole truth of her existence. Just as he remembers her sister as singularly focused on the glass animals, this may have been her experience with his sister, not understanding other aspects of her life. The story revolves around an event where he brings home a man to visit his sister, Laura. The hope of his mother, Amanda, is that the man will be attracted to Laura, thus giving her a future. Laura has a bad foot, which can be seen as a symbol of her vulnerability. The way in which her character is presented suggests a mental vulnerability as well. As the play progresses, it is revealed that Jim, the man Tom has brought home, is actually engaged to another woman and while he is kind to Laura, he is not in a position to engage in a relationship. The argument between Amanda and Tom over the event seems to be the last catalyst to Tom leaving his sister and his mother to their own devices. This is a haunting memory, one that reflects regret, relief, and is laced with a sense of both hope and hopelessness (Williams 1999). A Taste of Honey A Taste of Honey (1958) was written by an eighteen year old girl who was expressing a very sophisticated collection of themes within her work. Shelagh Delaney writes a story of that also reflects the dynamics of family and the central theme of the play revolves around the differences between reality and the dream of reality. Themes of race, gender, sexual orientation, familial devotion, and class are all explored within the framework of the

Technical textiles Essay Example for Free

Technical textiles Essay A small proportion of technical textiles are manufactured from high-end fibres like Kevlar or Nomex. Most technical textiles are made from everyday fibres such as polyester, polypropylene, polyamide or acrylic. Gore-Tex ® fabrics are created by laminating the Gore-Tex ® membrane to high performance textiles, then sealing them with a solution for guaranteed waterproof protection. Phosphorescent textiles are a class of luminescent materials that show long-lasting bright afterglow in dark after charged by a source of light capable of exciting the material to a persistent excited state. Some other technical textiles are Scotchlite, electronic textiles, the smart bra, microfibres, Nano-fibres and Skintex skincare. Smart fibres have been developed to provide functions that will respond to and protect our bodies. They can be said to be intelligent because of their ability to react to external stimuli or changes in the environment without human intervention. Smart fibres are split into four categories; Biomimetic fibres that mimic nature, Shape Memory textiles, Sense and Track fibres and Chromatic fibres. Biomimetic fibres mimic good design in nature; some of these include Fastskin by Speedo and a fabric by Stomatex. Fastskin enables the swimmer to be streamlined by reducing passive drag by up to 4%. Stomatex uses a pattern of dome-shaped vapour chambers to allow body heat and perspiration to exit through tiny pores at a controlled rate. The body temperature remains stable at whatever activity is being carried out. Technical textiles differ from Smart fibres due to the fact that they have different uses. Smart fibres were developed to provide functions that will respond to our bodies and protect them, whereas technical textiles already have a function and usually respond to changes in the environment. Most smart fibres aim to enhance performance, for example fastskin aims to reduce drag for swimmers and stomatex aims to maintain a stable body temperature throughout exercise, probably enabling you to work harder for longer. Technical textiles have different functions, they are widely used for their useful functions. Scotchlite if for safety, it reflects light, enabling the wearer to be seen in the dark by headlights or torches. The smart bra detects the early stages of breast cancer using microwave antennae. Odour control- does as it says; an antimicrobial agent can be encapsulated within the fibres to prevent bacterial growth. Technical textiles can be extremely useful to users in the 21st century. Softswitch joined forces with ONeill to produce the first wearable electronics product with Bluetooth. The ski jacket was adapted to withstand snowboarding environments, and many functions such as a mobile phone and mp3 player were integrated into the sportswear. Also woven into the jacket are electrically conductive fabric tracks which connect the chip module to a fabric keyboard and built in speakers to the hood. There is a microphone integrated into the collar of the jacket for phone calls. This is similar to the Nike ACG Comm jacket. It is Nikes latest snow jacket and comes with a built in radio, microphone and earpiece. Equipment like this could be lifesaving. If you are taking part in snowsports and you happen to get hurt you can communicate via the built in functions, this is particularly useful in the 21st century as many people go skiing and snowboarding off-piste and if theyre not careful they may get injured, the only way for them to communicate could be via the built in communicational devices. Nomex is a registered trademark for a flame-resistant meta-aramid material developed in the early 1960s by DuPont (now Invista) and first marketed in 1967. A Nomex hood is a common piece of firefighting equipment. The hood protects the parts of the head that are no covered by the helmet and face mask from the intense heat of the fire. Most of a fire-fighters suit would be made from Nomex

War Poem about Leaving Love :: essays research papers

Leaving Love My love is pleading with me Telling me not to leave her I can feel her agony deep inside myself too She is on her knees begging Our bond of love is strong, I feel terrible to leave her But I then departed, I gave her my heart Then my journey to the army I started In training now Preparing for a war That will soon be upon us In which my head shall bow For my country or more For months now working Training in long, hard sessions Of every hour, and every day Countless soldiers scream in depression They want to be back home. And when I lay on those small, hard beds Deep in the coldness of the harsh, metal frame And wrapped in nothing but a thin, cotton sheet I lay and try to forget my pain On my body and in my heart. Don?t Fall Back Holding the lines In deep, dark, snowy trenches Plague infests us all and the smell of the dead stings my nose when I take in a breath. As I shoot the other people down I take their lives for my own And when I look up above the trench to shoot again All I see is pinpricks of light They look at me with the knowledge of a thousand stars And they stare into my innermost soul, where it is dark They see my soul shrinking, like the waning of the winter moon My heart can feel it too It feels as though it is being wrapped up tightly Wrapped in the bloodstained snow around me Beauty, which is a lie, a lie of the glowing light A light, which is truly dead A light whose sparkling beams are knives stabbing into my heart Icy fingers reach out to my soul The fingers of life and death Sent by the moon With the icy fingers, those brilliant beams and the moon They each send an ever sparkling, iridescent light to show dark patterns in the snow Am I to live? I care not, as long as I have my one love Lost in Memory I am now free from war Free from the deaths That occur right next to me Forever waiting for disaster This obsession is draining my life I am drowning in my own sorrow and pain I look at the stars sometimes For hours on end, I watch them, I reminisce the war

My Favorite Show Essay

I have many favorite shows; one of my favorite would have to be Prison Break. There are so many reasons why it’s my favorite. My main reason is the plot of the story/show. Two brothers who broke out of jail with a group of other prisoners. Another reason is the suspense of the show. It’s literally impossible to guess what’s going to happen next. My last reason is probably just me but the little messages the show gives here and there. Messages in the sense of what it shows for what a real friendship should look like. The plot of the show is two brothers of which the young one, Michael Scofield, gets himself thrown in jail to break his older brother, Lincoln Burrows, out who is sentenced to death for a crime he didn’t commit. With just that happening in the show it’s amazing. People escaping you can see happening, but getting thrown in jail to break someone else out is interesting. Also what got my attention is how Michael planned the escape. Besides being a genius, he tattooed the prisons blueprints and needed information on how to stay out on his body. There was never a boring episode, since day one in prison the escape started he just needed to get the people necessary to escape from the prison like: the guy with the money, the guy with the transportation, and finally he needed his cell mate to agree. Finally, the relationship between both of the brothers. It isn’t your typical love story between brothers. They weren’t in each other’s life after they turned 18. And for Michael to break Lincoln out even after they lost touch of each other and Michael never showed any understanding of why Lincoln is a bum. It’s interesting that he still risked his entire career and life for this escape. Another reason is the suspense of the show, and how true it is to its category. You can never guess what’s going to happen next, for example, the first season starts off right, everything is going as planned and then the first attempt to escape isn’t what everyone expects when the escape fails. After that episode, I was completely hooked on it. I also liked that Michael kept part of the plans to himself; he never revealed his complete plan to anyone, keeping the audience in complete suspense as in how is he going to pull it off. Also, it’s very emotional not in your typical love story between both characters but in every relationship within the characters. I think it’s very popular with other shows that it’s just two characters and forget about the others. The show was very true to its point/plot. Finally, my personal reason to loving the show is the little messages/quotes they sent throughout the series. The friendship between Michael and his cellmate, Sucre. It was as if they were the brothers, very close, always had each other back. They had their differences but sometimes people have to realize that there’re more important things when time is limited. The relationship with the brothers was very different and admirable. I appreciated that a lot and I can honestly say it made the relationship with my brother and me a lot closer and stronger. Michael and Lincoln aren’t really brother’s even though they find out at the end Michael never stopped his plan and that was inspiring because it showed that nothing was going to separate them nothing was going to stop them from being free. My favorite quote from the show is you can’t go back and have new beginnings, but you can start now and have a happy ending. I find so much meaning into this quote. You obviously cant start a new beginning, but you can always change the end if it’s going terrible. When Michael told Lincoln this I was convinced that Michael truly loved Lincoln even though they were really brothers. I understood even though we weren’t born brothers, we’re dying brothers. In conclusion, I became obsessed with Prison Break. The show was so creative and amazingly written. The cast in my opinion did an amazing job they were so believable. The suspemse of the show was good and was smart; they never revealed the entire plan. Then there’s the messages the show throws out. You have to stay true to your own. Family is family at the end.

Accidental Buddhist Essay

I’d never heard of this book before I started this class. I’ve always been interested in the nature and customs of different cultures in other countries. That may be one of the reasons why I took this class. I believe another reason is that I had already taken Western Religion and wanted to learn more. This book didn’t really spark my interest at first but after I got to reading it I seemed to keep going back to it and reading more. In the book the author Dinty Moore takes a year and begins to ponder the shift to Buddhism. He does this along with a couple other Americans. Along with some other things that he does he got to a strict Zen Monastery and a loose Theravada Center. Moore also interviews experts and visits a pair of struggling cushion makers. The author gets the extreme honor and pleasure of being able to ask the Dalai Lama a question when he attends a talk at Indiana University. This inspires a little of his own quest for meaning after the God from his childhood left him for the most part but also left a sense of suffering. His travels proved worth while and often modestly told exploration of one mans mid-life quest for something that was spiritually missing. This book moves more towards the less visible and un-promoted side of how Buddhism is starting to filter into today’s American life. For Moore this fits better than the shaved head, mantra chanting, and incense wreathed thought that most Westerners have associated with Dharma. The author looks for something or someway for him to replace what he lacked from his childhood faith. In the book, he seeks guidance towards confronting and being able to answer the big questions that leave us dissatisfied and wanting more information. My favorite parts of this book were Chapters 6 â€Å"Catholic Boy Zen† and 9 â€Å"The Plain-Spoken Theravada. † In Chapter six the author talks to Fr. Robert Jinsen Kennedy who is a Jersey Jesuit that combines Zen and Catholicism. Their intelligent conversation addressed the lack of maturity in ways that Catholicism has been presented to those who came from his generation. There were the last ones to get the pre-Vatican II version of the negative â€Å"thou shalt not† mindset which was combined with a simplified version of God and Jesus that was manufactured for an easy transmission to about a billion followers. Moore acknowledges that his current attraction towards Buddhism may be an overreaction to the Catholicism from his childhood. Even the Dali Lama’s own caution for Westerners not to over romanticize Buddhism as opposed to their â€Å"Judeo-Christian† mentality hits a nerve as the author listens to the Tibetan leader respond in Indiana to his own question. Inside Chapter Nine it reveals a growing comfort with Dharma. Moore takes pains not to glamorize those who adapt to Buddhism. Being well-read in this field his sources remain largely invisible and he aims for an accessible jargon-free presentation that anyone can understand. The author concentrates on overcoming his â€Å"rock† with in, his resistance and his angst, his entrapment in the cycle of suffering, and keeping his anger in. this is similar to many Irish Catholic males of at least a certain age and upbringing. Everything that has happened in his life has compelled him to look for what is missing and wanting to find out more about Buddhism. Moore attempts to get over the thing that permeates our mental habits which he calls the â€Å"if only† postponement of happiness. The author compares this to missing the sights and sounds of a hiking trail because your rushing down it eager to finish. He also compares it to him driving down the interstate thinking of how the vehicles engineering detracts from distractions but it also blurs any sense of the journey’s own beauties and discoveries. One of the things that challenge Mr. Moore to slow down and appreciate wisdom is his fear that forty-five years of work and the worry of twenty years over lost opportunities will zip past him. The author knows full well a few hours of practicing Buddhism over a years’ time won’t bring on dazzling illuminations. However, after he attends a second Zen retreat gets a glimpse of more than he had in the beginning. He tries as a mediator to silence the restless â€Å"monkey man† inside, before calming down: â€Å"Maybe enlightenment is when the monkey just sees the sunset and when the sunset ends that monkey just looks at the stars. Another thing Moore brings up is that â€Å"You can’t slow the brain down with a few brief attempts any more easily than you can stop a speeding freight train with a white picket fence. † To the authors astonishment he adapts well to being able to sit still. Even though there are no dramatic changes in his life he grows calmer, more equitable, and perhaps become a lot happier. Instead of being a self-promoting journey towards insight this book ends up being very quiet. If this book were found at the right time and in the right mood it should be satisfying to a patient and quiet seeker. However, this could be too much for the eager inquirers to handle. Concerning whether God exists or not Moore realizes that he isn’t going to worry to much about it. â€Å"If God does in fact exist, I should live my life according to the principals of kindness, compassion, and awareness. Even if there isn’t a God the same principals apply which is his summation of an intimate Buddhist perspective. † I recently had the opportunity to go and see Dinty Moore speak here at Sinclair. I learned quite a lot about him during his talk starting with that he was born in Erie, Pennsylvania. One of the things that I learned about him is that he sees writing and Buddhism as being connected. While Mr. Moore was on his journey to finding himself he traveled around the country. I learned two aspects of Buddhism are you can’t control outside aspects and you can control the reaction people have. He informed the group that came to see him speak that after writing the book he became a writing teacher. He also let us know that to him Buddhism and other religions have wide similarities.

Thanksgiving Traditions in Italy

Thanksgiving Traditions in Italy Many cultures have been celebrating harvests for centuries. Thesmophria is an ancient Greek harvest festival. Southwest American Indians perform a Corn Dance. The Jewish people celebrate Sukkot, which marks the end of the agricultural year and coincides with the final harvest before the onset of winter, and many Asian cultures have celebrations in gratitude for their rich rice harvest. The Romans also celebrated a harvest festival called Cerelia, which honored Ceres, the goddess of agriculture, grain, and fertility (and from which the word cereal comes). The festival was held each year on October 4th and offerings of the first fruits of the harvest were offered to Ceres. Their celebration included music, parades, games and sports, and a feast. But Thanksgiving in Italy? How about celebrating the Celtic New Year in Japan, or El Carnaval in Russia? The distinctly American tradition, created by Pilgrims to commemorate a bountiful harvest in the New World, doesnt translate well in another land where the Plymouth Rock would be just another stone in two–thousand–year–old Roman archaeological ruins. Even the transliteral phrase in Italian for Thanksgiving, La Festa del Ringraziamento, refers to a variety of religious holidays held throughout the year for patron saints. Variations on a Theme In fact, expatriates from North America who do honor the Thanksgiving holiday in Italy find it difficult to replicate, since the ingredients necessary for a New England–style Thanksgiving dinner are not easy to find. Italian Thanksgiving, for most Italian Americans, then, means the inclusion of special Italian recipes to accompany the roast turkey, stuffing, pumpkin pie, Macys Annual Thanksgiving Day Parade, and A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving on the fourth Thursday of November. Every family of Italian heritage has different culinary traditions to celebrate the holiday. An Italian Thanksgiving dinner might include ravioli con la zucca (pumpkin ravioli), tacchinella alla melagrana (roast turkey basted with pomegranate sauce and served with a pomegranate-and-giblet gravy), sweet Italian turkey sausage and mozzarella stuffing, baked sweet potatoes with lime and ginger, and even Italian cakes and pastries. What matters most, though, during La Festa del Ringraziamento isnt what ingredients are used, or who won the football game, but the opportunity for families and communities to come together and celebrate the season in a tradition thats timeless. Italian Thanksgiving Vocabulary List Click to hear the highlighted word spoken by a native speaker. lautunno- falllAmerindio- American Indianil corteo- paradeil granturco- Indian cornil Nuovo Mondo- New Worldi Padri Pellegrini- Pilgrim Fathersil raccolto- harvestil tacchino- turkeyla tradizione- a traditionla zucca- pumpkin

Understanding The Bretton Woods System

Understanding The Bretton Woods System Nations attempted to revive the gold standard following World War I, but it collapsed entirely during the Great Depression of the 1930s. Some economists said adherence to the gold standard had prevented monetary authorities from expanding the money supply rapidly enough to revive economic activity. In any event, representatives of most of the worlds leading nations met at Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, in 1944 to create a new international monetary system. Because the United States at the time accounted for over half of the worlds manufacturing capacity and held most of the worlds gold, the leaders decided to tie world currencies to the dollar, which, in turn, they agreed should be convertible into gold at $35 per ounce.​ Under the Bretton Woods system, central banks of countries other than the United States were given the task of maintaining fixed exchange rates between their currencies and the dollar. They did this by intervening in foreign exchange markets. If a countrys currency was too high relative to the dollar, its central bank would sell its currency in exchange for dollars, driving down the value of its currency. Conversely, if the value of a countrys money was too low, the country would buy its own currency, thereby driving up the price. The United States Abandons the Bretton Woods System The Bretton Woods system lasted until 1971. By that time, inflation in the United States and a growing American trade deficit were undermining the value of the dollar. Americans urged Germany and Japan, both of which had favorable payments balances, to appreciate their currencies. But those nations were reluctant to take that step, since raising the value of their currencies would increase prices for their goods and hurt their exports. Finally, the United States abandoned the fixed value of the dollar and allowed it to float- that is, to fluctuate against other currencies. The dollar promptly fell. World leaders sought to revive the Bretton Woods system with the so-called Smithsonian Agreement in 1971, but the effort failed. By 1973, the United States and other nations agreed to allow exchange rates to float. Economists call the resulting system a managed float regime, meaning that even though exchange rates for most currencies float, central banks still intervene to prevent sharp changes. As in 1971, countries with large trade surpluses often sell their own currencies in an effort to prevent them from appreciating (and thereby hurting exports). By the same token, countries with large deficits often buy their own currencies in order to prevent depreciation, which raises domestic prices. But there are limits to what can be accomplished through intervention, especially for countries with large trade deficits. Eventually, a country that intervenes to support its currency may deplete its international reserves, making it unable to continue buttressing the currency and potentially leaving it unable to meet its international obligations. This article is adapted from the book Outline of the U.S. Economy by Conte and Carr and has been adapted with permission from the U.S. Department of State.

Mobile Technology Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Mobile Technology - Annotated Bibliography Example It is meant to assist educators in the decision-making process especially when using mobile devices. The book also presents the advantages and disadvantages of mobile learning in a school context. Various polices that can be used in education are presented to facilitate decision making in mobile learning. Chinnery introduces Language Learning using mobile devices. The paper presents details on Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL), as well as its capabilities in language learning and teaching. MALL is an amalgamation language teaching approach which can successfully incorporate reading, listening, and speaking activities. The paper can be used to develop critical thinking and research skills. Use of the MALL software is common in most schools and the soft where is readily available from the internet. The paper explores the theoretic basics and functions of mobile instruction in the literature and examines the achievability of using this universal technology in learning the Iranian EFL language. Furthermore, he conducted a survey on the state of learning languages through mobile devices. He reported technical problems experienced while giving students assignments and their feedbacks. Many of the projects conducted using these mobile devices affected lessons due to technical challenges. Other language projects were seriously affected by lack of internet connection or slow internet connection. He noted that, in order to supplement language teaching, tablets and mobile devices are increasingly being used in the education system. They act as effective ways to monitor students’ performance and feedback presentation. Mobile devices are ideal because one is in apposition to choose the kind of Apps to use during classroom interactions. He asserts that MALL can easily be found in different mobile devices such as iPhones, tablets, and they have started modifying their products to fit the current technological development. Finally,

Personnel Planning And Recruitment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Personnel Planning And Recruitment - Essay Example This method enables the better use of internal talent since an employee can be moved to a job at which he/she performs better. The downside is that appropriate candidates might just not be available for some vacancies internally therefore leading to placement of unsuitable individuals. Another is Promotions which involve an employee being moved to a higher ranking position. They are a source of motivation and encouragement to the workers. However, they may lead to conflict among the employees seeking for promotion to the vacancies available. External sources on the other hand have to be acquired from outside the organization. One example is placement agencies which are private firms conducting recruitment activities on behalf of organizations at a fee, the advantage of this is it assists organizations to acquire necessary competencies. They however increase the cost of recruitment. Another is press advertisement of vacancies in journals and newspapers. The main advantage of this meth od is its wide reach. It is however time consuming as well as costly (Tellis, 2004). Evaluation of Job Ads The jobs ads evaluated were posted on the internet. They all follow the principal of AIDA (Attention, Interest, Desire, and Action).

Business Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Business Project Management - Essay Example The researcher states that before initializing a project, project manager and team must be sure about the structure of the host firm because it influences their project and the operations they seek to perform. In addition, the culture of an organization is composed of certain attributes such as values, attitudes, viewpoints and behaviors of its staff members. In addition, it demonstrates the established principles and values of the organization, infusing all the activities which a corporation performs. In simple words, it can make a project a success or a failure. However, the perfect organizational culture is that in which projects are well thought-out in strategic management and are executed to promote and support a firm’s corporate strategy and corporate goals. As a result, top management pays more attention to them and assigns more and more organization’s resources to allow them to be successful. Here strategic management is the discipline of building, implementing, and assessing cross-functional decisions that facilitate a corporation to attain its goals. Moreover, each corporation has its own model organizational culture, operating systems and inside and outside resources to attain this. In addition, at the present it is necessary for the project managers to be familiar with the cultural, organizational and social environments adjacent the project. It could be done by recognizing the stakeholders and their capability to have an effect on the project. Thus, it could lead towards the likelihood of influencing project surroundings in an optimistic manner. Therefore, the any kind of risks could be considerably diminished; however failure to adopt such a way could unavoidably lead to a less than acceptable ending. In addition, the successful project managers would be familiar with the importance to put some effort in changing or improving the organizational culture for the benefit of the project stakeholders. In this scenario, it is the responsib ility of every team member of a project, undeniably every employee of the organization, needs to be influenced to express the attitude that, just as they are stakeholders, as well as every other project stakeholder is also vital (Wideman, 2001). Moreover, the organization's culture plays a significant role in success rate of projects. Take into account that this is about projects all throughout a corporation, not just about one specific project. In addition, the culture of a host organization plays possibly the major role in whether their organization is flourishing in running projects. On the other hand, if a supplier firm faces challenges running projects productively with the host firm, they cannot blame the project managers. In fact, they are struggling surrounded by a culture that is not in support of their struggle. Thus, it is essential for the project manager as well as the top management of the supplier firm to identify and assess the culture of the host organization. Until they are

Diseases Affecting the Geriatric Population: Bibliography

Diseases Affecting the Geriatric Population: Bibliography Literature review : Lourdu jafrin , Venkata Naveen Kumar .P, Udaya laxmi .T Jayapriya. B et.al performed a 2 months cross-sectional, Unicentric observational study titled â€Å"drug utilization pattern of geriatric patients in the medical department of tertiary care hospital† and it was published in international journal of pharmacy and life sciences in 2013. This research has shown the chronic nature of diseases affecting the geriatric population most commonly the respiratory diseases and rightly increasing the trend of deriphyllin drug utilization. Vandana A badar, Sanjay Kumar. B navale performed a prospective study for a period of 6 months from may 2010 – dec 2010 titled â€Å"study of prescribing pattern of anti microbial agents in medicine ICU of a teaching hospital in central India† and was published in JAPI , April 2012.the main objective of the study is to evaluate the utilization of anti- microbials. They found that infection was the major reason for the usage of anti – microbial therapy .Author revealed that the drug cefotaxime was most commonly used in MICU by about 32% followed by metronidazole 24% , ampicillin 17- 29%. Study also showed the rationality of drug usage by about 30% which was evaluated by analysing the prescriptions. From this study authors concluded that the medical fraternity needs to understand the importance of antibiotics. An international programme may be a useful initiative to reduce antibiotic use. Prakash katakam , Abdul baset A. Elfituri, Zaidoon H. Ramadoan , Osama g. Abadi performed a cross- sectional retrospective study for a period of 15 months in Libya titled â€Å" A retrospective study on antibiotic use in different clinical departments of a teaching hospital in zawiya , Libya† and it was published in Ibnosina journal of medicine and biomedical sciences in 2012. An interesting observation was that increase in the antibiotic consumption which was expressed as DDD/ 10000 inhabitants / day especially AMOX (Amoxicillin+ Clavulanicacid) had been observed from 2008-2009 when compared to other antibiotics rightly for the indication of respiratory diseases. Study reveals that out of 100 subjects only 6 have undergone microbial culture investigations. From this study authors conclude that before initiation of the treatment, a vital need for microbial investigation is essential. Jeevangi. SR, Patil. RB, Manjunath et al. performed a 15 months prospective cross-sectional study in Gulbarga titled â€Å" drug utilization study in a trauma care unit of a tertiary care hospital â€Å" and it was published in journal of clinical and diagnostic research in 2010. In his study the author used the who drug use indicator i.e.., prescribing indicator which can be known by calculating the average number of drugs per encounter and observed that newer anti- microbial and proton pump inhibitors are prescribed more. The study reveals that poly pharmacy was found to be high and the generic is low. An increase in the number of drugs per prescription in the TCU was gradually increased from the day of admission when compared to previous records. The study concluded that usage of drugs in TCU were in accordance with standard treatment guidelines. Hence the authors reveals that by the results of the study there is a considerable scope for improving the prescribing habits accordin g to rational drug use. Sahar I, Al. Niemat, Diana T.bloukh, Manal D. Al. Harasis et.al performed a retrospective study for a period of 3 months from May 2007- July 2007 in 5 hospital centres in KHMC titled† drug use evaluation of antibiotics prescribed in a Jordanian hospital out- patient and emergency clinics using who prescribing indicators† and it was published in Saudi med J 2008. The authors used the who prescribing indicators for the evaluation of prescriptions taken from the out patients settings. The study reveals that the share of antibiotics was more when compared with the total number of encounters surveyed. Also states that the antibiotic categories rightly penicillins( especially amoxicillin) and quinolones ( especially ciprofloxacil, norfloxacin) were prescribed. He authors conclude that the prescribing pattern of antibiotics was very high . so requirement of continuing medical education programme may be needed. Hillary o. Odo, Sunday o.Olotu , Imafidon o.Agbonile, Peter o.esan , Bawa o. James performed a retrospective descriptive study from a review of out- patient prescriptions between sept 2007and Aug 2012 in a regional psychiatric hospital, Nigeria† and it was published in Archives of pharmacy practice in 2013. DDD/ 1000 inhabitants/day was calculated to evaluate the pattern of drug utilization. The results of the study showed that the drug Halopridol accounted the highest drug utilization with a DDD /100inhabitants / day of 5 followed by amitriptylline, benhexol , trifluperazine. The authors concluded that the prescribing pattern of antibiotics were not in accordance with the who guidelines and observation of polypharmacy either haloperidol accounts more often. Praveen KG, Arun K performed a prospective study for a period of 6 months in a tertiary care hospital titled â€Å" drug utilization and evaluation of HMG- co A reductase inhibitors in tertiary care hospital â€Å" and it was published in Indian journal of pharmacy practice in 2013. The study used the methodology of DDD/12 bed days to evaluate the drug utilization of statins. Present study shown that statins are more prescribed for various indications like primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications, dyslipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia. The authors from the study concluded that dosage units for atorvastatin were nearer to the who recommended dose where as variation is observed in case of simvastatin and rosuvastatin. Sutharson L, Hariharan R.S, Vamsadhara C performed a 4 months prospective cross- sectional study in a tertiary hospital , Chennai titled â€Å" drug utilization study in a diabetalogy out –patient setting of a tertiary hospital† and it was published in Indian journal of pharmacology in 2003. Who drug use indicators and DDD were used in the methodology to evaluate the drug utilization. The study reveals that more utilization of sulfonyl ureas was observed when compared to biguanides. The authors concluded that the total number of drugs prescribed in generic is high and incidence of polypharmacy is low. Hence some of the interventional measures may be vital in promoting the patient education and knowledge . James M Hutchinson, David M Patrick , Fawziah Marra et al . presented a paper titled â€Å" measurement of antibiotic consumption: A Practical guide to the use of the ATC and DDD system methodology in Canada â€Å" and it was published in Can J Infect Dis in 2004. The presented paper provides a practical advice on the use of ATC and DDD classification system for evaluating the prescribing pattern of antibiotics. The authors concluded that initiation of drug utilization documentation procedure may stimulate interest in measurement and display of antibiotic consumption. Hamdi Sozen, Ibak gonen, Ayse Sozen et al. Performed a point prevalence study on july 19 , 2011 in a general hospital , turkey titled â€Å" Application of ATC and DDD methodology to evaluate antibiotic use in a general hospital in turkey â€Å" and it was published in Annals of clinical microbiology and anti microbials in 2013. The results of the study showed that the rational use of antibiotics were identified with appropriate indication for prophylaxis and treatment. The authors concluded that the hospitals should implement their own principles of antibiotic use to decrease the microbial resistance and economic consequences too. Mahendra K Patel , Manish J Barvaliya , Tejas K patel , CB Tripathi performed a retrospective study between 2008 and dec2010 in takhtsinhji general hospital , Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India titled â€Å" drug utilization pattern in critical care unit in a tertiary care teaching hospital in india† and it was published in International Journal of critical illness and injury science in 2013. The case papers were analyzed for demographic variables, indications, duration of critical care unit stay and usage of anti – microbials were evaluated based on culture report. In the study DDD/100 bed days were calculated to evaluate the drug utilization and also cost of the drugs from Indian drug review (2010). The study results showed DDD/100 bed days was more in case of total drug utilization in the anti- microbials which were prescribed without culture report , more economic burden is seen in expired patients and incidence of polypharmacy is a major problem in ccu. Shankar PR, upadhyay DK, Subish P, Bhandari RB, Das B performed an observational study from a period of June2005-May 2006 in a teaching hospital in western Nepal titled â€Å" Drug utilization among older patients in a teaching hospital in western hospital† and it was published in Singapore Med J in 2010. The author uses the drug use indicator DDD/ 100 bed days. For the evaluation of drug use in the hospital. In the present study basic demographic information of older patients , microbial report, drug utilization pattern and cost of the drugs were included. The study reveals that average number of drugs consumed by each patient was tends to be high i.e.., (7.73). The authors concluded that incidence of parenteral formulations arises a common problem. Authors also suggested that there must be an initiation of guidelines for the usage of drugs in elderly patients. Khavane.K, Addepalli.V, Bhusare.K,Payghan S.A, Patweakar.S,Kate.V performed a 6 months prospective study at the saifee hospital , charni road , Mumbai titled â€Å" prescribing patterns of antibiotics and sensitivity patterns of micro –organisms towards different antibiotics in multi disciplinary health care hospital â€Å" and it was published in International Journal of pharmaceutical and biological archives in 2010. The study was carried over by collecting the patient demographic details, antibiotic information, microbial culture sensitivity test .The present study showed the process of interpretation of results. The authors concluded that there must be requirement of formulation of a policy for antibiotic use, obtaining the culture and sensitivity reports must be quickened, avoidance of continued or over usage of antibiotic for a longer period of time. Patil P.H, Kuchake V.G, KumarAjay, Dighore Pitambar,Surana S.J performed a 5 months prospective study in inpatient department of tertiary care hospital titled â€Å" evaluation of drug utilization especially anti- microbial agents in inpatient department of tertiary care hospital â€Å" and it was published in International Journal of community pharmacy in 2009.In the present study patient demographic information, antibiotic consumption for empirical and surgical prophylaxis , microbial culture reports were included and the data were analyzed in a simple percentage manner. Based on the results authors concluded that more number of prescriptions containing antibiotics were observed and there are no gold standard methods for the usage of antibiotics. Authors also suggested that an antibiotic order form must be prepared and implemented for achieving the rational use of drug . Ulla-Maija Rautakorpi, Soija Huikko, Pekka Honkanen et.al.. performed a 5 year follow up study titled â€Å" The anti- microbial treatment strategies (MIKSTRA) program: A 5yr follow up of infection – specific antibiotic use in primary health care and the effect of implantation of treatment guidelines †and it published in clinical infectious diseases in 2006. In the present study data were collected from various health care centres and the national guidelines were published during the study period. Initiation of interventional programmes were done by the local trainers. Based on the results concluded that because of multifaceted intervention, a qualitative improvement in the drug use is observed.

Snakes And Ladders :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Snakes and Ladders by Gita Mehta is a book that celebrates India and its history. The author provides many short stories that try to show how India is trying to develop as a nation. She tells about the complex religious system, as well as cultural diversity, and the corruption of India’s government. She shows the reader many aspects of the experience of living in India, which Mehta clearly shows that she loves, but she attempts to remain neutral about the issues that she discusses.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When the Indian nationalists were revolting against the British Empire, it changed the way of life in India. It let women have a more active role in everyday activities. Mehta’s father played a very active role in the revolutions; he used his house as a place for Indian nationalists to hide out for this he was placed in jail for several years. Her uncle was sentenced to seventeen years in a torture camp for different charges. Yet when asked what their worst memory of being under British rule was, they simply provided a simple story with not much significance. Now instead of being under British rule, the India people are under the rule of leaders that view themselves as being the person who drove the British out of India. One thing remains the same though, the people of India view their land as being their own, and that is what is important to them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the major problems facing India is poverty among its people. India is one of the ten most industrialized countries in the world, they graduate around five million people from college each year, and they even have a space program more advanced than most European countries. Yet the people of India are still starving, they do not produce enough jobs for all of the college graduates, and despite the fact that they can travel into space, India has underdeveloped irrigation, and electrical grids.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the outskirts of Delhi, the author found people rummaging through garbage dumps. At first she thought that they were just homeless bums, but when she went into the dumps herself she found out that the people had been of a higher class, but tragedy landed them here. The people in the dumps were women and children searching though the dumps for scraps of iron, glass, or cloth. They would then sell these items to a contractor for money.

Discuss one explanation of Personality Development and evaluate its conclusion

For this assignment I am going to discuss Freud's perspective of personality development. Freud used psychoanalytic theories that are based around the emotional development of the personality, whereas Erikson's psychosocial theory focuses more on the role of social factors in development. Personality development can be broken down into three strands within Freud's theory: the personality structure, defence mechanisms and psychosexual development. Personality can be defined as ‘ the distinctive and characteristic patterns of thought, emotion, and behaviour that define an individual's personal style, and influence his or her interactions with the environment'. (Atkinson et al, 1992) Freud developed his theories by psychoanalysing adults, mostly middle-aged women and individuals with personality problems. He used various methods to study his patients, such as, dream analysis; which are interpretations of individual's dreams as they are a â€Å"window on the unconscious† (Davenport, 1988), free association; where the person is given a word or a phrase and encouraged to say the first thing that enters their head and ‘slips of the tongue'; which is when a person says something in error but these can subconsciously reflect what they really mean. Freud suggests that adult personality is derived from the interaction between the desires for pleasure and how early desires were gratified. He believed that all human behaviour is controlled by drives, which he relates to human instincts. Freud insisted that there are two forces feeding our instinctual urges with energy; the Libido and the Death Instinct; the Libido being a sexual energy and the Death Instinct being more of an aggressive energy. According to Freud, the adult human mind is made up of three different parts and levels of awareness; the unconscious mind, which he named the ‘Id'; the preconscious mind, which he named the ‘Superego', and the conscious mind, which he named the ‘Ego'. The Id is at the centre of a person's very being. It is the initial part of a human's personality structure, which exists, right from birth and can be described as the most primitive instinct. This part of the personality craves satisfaction and pleasure; therefore it has been coined ‘the pleasure principle'. The Ego is known as the second part of the personality structure. This is the part of our personality that keeps us in touch with reality. Its aim is to protect us and it helps us to perform tasks safely; therefore-coined ‘the reality principle'. The Ego controls both other parts of the personality, the Id and the Superego, which help keep our lives in balance. The last part of the personality structure is the Superego. This is the part that moulds our morals and conscience. It helps prevent us from doing things, which we have learnt and know to be morally wrong; therefore this part has been coined ‘the morality principle'. The ego ideal exists as part of the superego. Rather than telling us what we should not do, the ego ideal tells us what is good and what we should do and be like. If the person has a strong superego they are more likely to have stronger morals than a person with a weak superego. Because the Id and the Superego are always conflicting against one another, the Ego needs to have strategies to reduce anxiety. This helps push problems away and in a way pretending the problems don't exist, a form of denial, these are known as defence mechanisms. Another defence mechanism is repression; this is where the Id's impulses are blocked from reaching the conscious mind. There are a number of other defence mechanisms, including projection; where unacceptable desires or characteristics are projected on to someone else, and displacement; this refers to the transfer of repressed desires or impulses onto a substitute person or object. (Mike Cardwell, 2000) Freud's contributions with his theories on defence mechanisms are still being practiced today and are experienced as valid and useful. According to Freud we acquire our personalities in several stages, known as psychosexual development. Freud thought that different parts of our bodies become particularly sensitive as we grow through these different stages; he called these areas erogenous zones. (Davenport, 1988) As children grow up and are experiencing the stages of psychosexual development, different parts of their bodies become more sensitive, first the mouth, then the anus, then the phallus, and finally the genitals. The libido seeks pleasure through these erogenous zones. The five different stages of psychosexual development are labelled as: The Oral Stage – this is the first year of a baby's life where the baby gains pleasure from sucking and biting. The Id exists here right from birth. The Anal Stage – this is around the age of one to about three years where the pleasure derives from retaining and expelling faeces. At this stage the Ego begins to develop. The Phallic Stage – this is around three until six years where the sensitivity is placed around the genitals. This is the where the Oedipal Complex or the Electra Complex unfolds. It is during this stage the Superego starts to develop. The Latency Period – this is around seven until twelve years where the body seems to have no sensitised area. A child will be more interested in interacting with other people but are not strongly attracted to others. The Genital Stage – this is around the age of 14 to 17 years. The child becomes more aware of the opposite gender and a sexual awareness is developed. The Oedipal Conflict that occurs in the Phallic Stage involves the child experiencing feelings of desire for the opposite-sex parent. The child experiences a fear that the same sex parent will find out and punish them for this, resulting in feelings of envy and the development of ‘castration anxiety'. Whilst all this is happening to the child subconsciously, they start to become more like the same sex parent adopting their characteristics to conquer the Oedipal Conflict, (known as the ‘Electra Complex' in girls). This is known as ‘Identification'. His ideas on psychosexual development are known to be quite controversial, as they seem to be overly obsessed with sexuality. Freud developed the theory that sex was a major motivational force at a time of great sexual repression. This could have caused sex to be something that was repressed in many minds (Beryard & Hayes, 1994). Freud alleges emotional disturbances that occur in adult life could be to do with poor psychosexual development. He believes that a person could be fixated at an early pleasure seeking stage of the development. This is caused if the child experiences severe problems or excessive gratification at any of the stages. The adult may display regression whereby their behaviour could become less mature and similar to behaviour displayed at the stage, which they are fixated. Freud places great importance on the roles of regression and fixation in determining personality. Freud's theories have not been without criticism, they have mostly been criticised for being unscientific. His research support seems to be rather weak as the case studies he carried out mainly consisted of adults, mostly middle-aged women, from the same culture, so the results may be biased. The only child Freud studied was Little Hans, a five-year-old boy, who suffered from a phobia. Freud's ‘evidence' for his explanation of how children's personalities grow does not come from experiments or any scientifically acceptable means of data collection. It doesn't even come from observing ‘normal' children. It comes from the dreams and spoken memory of a relatively small number of people who mostly lived in Vienna, who had some personality ‘problems'. (Davenport, 1988) Another method Freud used to analysis people was hypnosis. This was another widely criticised method, as even Freud admitted himself can be suggestive. However, despite many criticisms Freud remains known for having the most influential impact in modern psychology, especially in the areas of abnormal behaviour and psychotherapy. Today his ideas are used in everything from childcare, education, literary criticism, and psychiatry. He founded the psychoanalytic movement, which today many Neo-Freudians still actively use, although the emphasis of it is different.

Dra Fast Ferment

__________________________________________ MSING014 – MSING014B – MSINM014 DECISION & RISK ANALYSIS – 2011/2012 FINAL EXAM __________________________________________ The examination will last for TWO (2) hours. The exam is open book. You are allowed to use the course pack, class handouts and any other materials that relate to the course. You are not allowed to access the internet, or e-mail. The examination paper consists of 10 questions: You should answer ALL of the questions. Make explicit any assumptions underlying your answers, interpret your esults and justify your answers, conclusions and recommendations. But keep your answers short and to the point. In grading, importance will be attached to the clarity and conciseness of your answers. Good luck! DECISION & RISK ANALYSIS: EXAM FastFerment FastFerment is a start-up venture started by UCL scientists and engineers. The firm has discovered an enzyme which accelerates the evolution of the mold Aspergillus Orgza e, which is used for making traditional rice-based alcoholic drinks (rice wines) in East Asia such as Sake or Makgeolli.W hen this powder is included in the production of the rice wines, the production lead time is shortened from 10 days to 3 days without affecting the taste or quality of the wine, as it accelerates the fermentation of the rice. Thus, the powder can substantially increase the production capacity for the rice-wine manufacturers and provide them with a competitive advantage. Recently, FastFerment has perfected the technology of genetically engineering and mass producing this accelerating enzyme and storing it in a powder form.They are currently formulating strategies to commercialize the powder by selling the powder to manufacturers. Currently, they estimate there are 156 rice wine manufacturers, but this could be as less as 140, as existing firms may no longer be active, and as many as 190, as there are recent new entrants to the market as the rice wines have become popular in recent years. Because the powder is new, they expect only a few early adopters would be interested in the product. The y expect between 5~10% of the firms to be their potential buyers, with no specific percentage being greater than the other.The price they would charge for 1 kg of the powder would depend on the cost of manufacturing the powder as well as the value it delivers to each manufacturer. After conducting initial market research, they expect an average manufacturer to be willing to pay as high as ? 950/kg, but as low as ? 400/kg depending on the initial negotiations. They expect the selling price to be ? 550/kg. Moreover, it is uncertain how much quantity each manufacturer would want to buy, which will depend on their current production capacity, but they are estimating anywhere between 100kg to 400kg per firm.The founders agree that they would need to hire professional sales people with the necessary knowledge of the science of the powder to help them sell to ea ch manufacturer. They do not know how many will join, but they have made an offer to 6, and expect between 4 and 6 to join FastFerment, with each number being equally likely. The annual wage will be given in terms of salary (no commission), and it is expected to be ? 50,000, but it is negotiable between ? 45,000 and ? 75,000 depending on their qualifications and experience. FastFerment is also examining the cost associated with production.While they have perfected the technology to manufacture the powder, they currently do not have the manufacturing plant set up to accommodate the potential demand. Initial estimates show that the fixed cost associated with setting up a manufacturing plant is at least ? 300,000 and at most ? 600,000, with ? 500,000 being the most likely. The variable cost for producing 1kg of the powder is expected to be ? 200/kg, but this is also variable by 10% in either direction. Lowest Rice wine manufacturers 140 adopters (%) 5. 0% price/kg 400 Quantity of purch ase (kg) 100 salesforce 4 Salary (? ) 45,000 Fixed cost of production (? 300,000 Variable cost per 1kg (? ) 180 –TABLE 1– Likely 156 -550 –50,000 500,000 200 MSING014 – MSING014B – MSINM014 highest 190 10. 0% 950 400 6 75,000 600,000 220 DECISION & RISK ANALYSIS: EXAM The objective of FastFerment is to maximize the annual profit, but it is unclear whether the firm would be profitable based on the numbers. Question 1. Scenario Analysis Start @Risk for Excel and open the Excel spreadsheet â€Å"FastFerment. † Perform a scenario analysis for this venture, and determine the best-case and worst-case scenarios (do not use @Risk for this, just plug the numbers in the model and observe the results).What are your conclusions? The scenario analysis below shows that there is significant uncertainty in the profitability of this venture. The worst-case scenario shows a loss of ? 924,000, whereas the best-case scenario shows a potential profit of ? 5,372, 000. So there is a substantial downside, but also a huge upside. AT this point, therefore, it is not recommended to make any decision, as it is yet unclear how the risks will affect th profitability of this venture. Rice wine manufacturers early adopters (%) price/kg Quantity of purchase (kg) salesforce Salary (? ) Fixed cost of production (? )Variable cost per 1kg (? ) Annual profit (? ) Worst Case Scenario Best Case Scenario 140 190 5. 0% 10. 0% 400 950 100 400 6 4 75,000 45,000 600,000 300,000 220 180 -924,000 5,372,000 Question 2. Sensitivity Analysis Which is the biggest risk, (a) the variable cost/kg (b) the price/kg or (c) the % of early adopters? How did you determine this? Again, do not yet use @Risk. Setting as the base case 7. 5% for %-adopters, 250 to quantity of purchase, 5 as the number of salesforce, and the rest of the parameters to the most likely case, and we examine the potential impact of these three parameters.The price/kg is the biggest risk, with a potential i mpact of ? 1,608,750 when varied from 400 to 950 (-? 165,000 versus ? 1,443,750). The %-early adopters is the second biggest risk with a potential impact of ? 682,500 when varied from 5% to 10% (-? 67,500 versus ? 615,000). The variable cost/kg is the lowest risk with a potential impact of ? 117,000 when varied from 180 to 220 (? 215,250 versus ? 332,250). MSING014 – MSING014B – MSINM014 DECISION & RISK ANALYSIS: EXAM Question 3. Simulation Analysis – DistributionsTo perform a simulation analysis, we need to identify an appropriate distribution to model each of the risk factors. Determine an appropriate distribution and their parameters for each of the risk factors. Triangular distributions (with the lowest, likely and highest estimates as parameters) would work well for all risks except % of early adopters and quantity of purchase, which should be uniform (with the lowest and highest estimates as the parameters), and salesforce, which should be discrete with eq ual probability of 0. 33 to each three cases {4,5,6}.Question 4. Simulation Analysis – Average Using @Risk, perform a simulation analysis, and determine the average profit for this venture. How high and low could the profit potentially be? Compare these results with the scenario analysis results. After performing 5000 iterations, the average profit is approximately ? 570,000. This means that if we were to run this business for many years, we would have an average annual profit of around ? 570,000 per year (provided the conditions do no change over time). MSING014 – MSING014B – MSINM014 DECISION & RISK ANALYSIS: EXAMQuestion 5. Simulation Analysis – VaR What is the likelihood that the profit is positive? What is the probability that the profit is ? 1. 5M or more? W hat is the Value-at-Risk (VaR)? There is about 80% chance of making a profit, and about 10% chance of making a profit that is ? 1. 5M or more. The VaR at 5% is around -? 300,000. Question 6. Sim ulation Analysis – Tornado Diagram Examine the tornado diagram. What can you conclude? Suppose that increasing the number of sales people and their salaries increase the quantity of powder that each manufacturer buys.Would this be a good investment? The tornado diagram shows that the quantity of purchase and the price/kg are the biggest risk factors. The risks related to the cost of production of the powder or the number of salesforce and salary are actually not that significant. Increasing the salesforce and the salary in return for increase in the quantity of purchase therefore seems to be a good investment. MSING014 – MSING014B – MSINM014 DECISION & RISK ANALYSIS: EXAM Five Grains is one of the leading manufacturers of rice wines.The CEO of Five Grains, a UCL alumnus, has learned about FastFerment’s powder through his personal networks, and immediately recognized the potential opportunity the powder can represent. According to Five Grains’ recen t internal consumer trend study, the demand for various specialty rice wines (using different variety of rice), which is currently negligible due to nonproduction, is expected to rise in the next several years. In particular, for the current year, they conjecture that with 50% the demand will be large (translating into a potential profit of ? 4. 5M), and with 50% it will be small (translating into a potential profit of ? . 5M). Although other firms are looking into producing the specialty rice wines, it is difficult for them to quickly do so as it requires building additional capacity, as most firms do not want to produce the specialty rice wines at the expense of sacrificing the traditional rice wine production. However, with access to the powder, firms can immediately free up their production capacity to mass produce the specialty rice-wines and capture its potential demand. Five Grains also recognized that the competitors also eventually receive information and gain access to the FastFerment’s powder.If this happens, Five Grains will have to share the demand with its competitors. Based on intuition, the CEO believes that there is 70% chance that more than 1 competing manufacturers will eventually adopt the powder and dive into the specialty rice-wine market. In such case, Five Grains will only capture 20% of the demand and hence earn 20% of the potential profit. On the other hand, there is a 20% chance that one competitor adopts the powder, in which case they will be able to capture 50% of the demand and hence earn 50% of the potential profit.He believes that there is only 10% chance that nobody else will MSING014 – MSING014B – MSINM014 DECISION & RISK ANALYSIS: EXAM enter the market during the year, in which case they can capture 80% of the demand and 80% of the potential profit. To maximize their knowledge of the powder, Five Grains is currently negotiating a deal with FastFerment to ask for a 1-year exclusivity agreement. If the deal can be made, then Five Grains will be the only manufacturer with the access to the powder and be certain to capture 80% of demand (80% of profit). Question 7.Decision Analysis – What to do? The meeting takes place and FastFerment asks Five Grains for ? 1. 5M for the 1-year exclusivity deal. Using a decision tree, find out whether or not Five Grains should agree to buy the 1-year exclusivity deal at ? 1. 5M. I would recommend Five Grains to not buy the one year exclusivity deal for ? 1. 5M, as the expected profit associated with not buying the deal (? 0. 8M) is greater than that with the deal (? 0. 5M). MSING014 – MSING014B – MSINM014 DECISION & RISK ANALYSIS: EXAM Question 8. Decision Analysis – Value?What is the maximum amount that Five Grains should pay for the 1-year exclusivity deal? The maximum amount that Five Grains should pay for the deal is ? 1. 2M, as it is the price when the expected profits are the same when buying and not buying. Question 9. Decision Analysis – Risk/Sensitivity Examine the risk profile for Five Grains with and without the 1-year exclusivity deal at ? 1. 5M. If the demand turns out to be large, what is the (expected) profit with and without the 1 -year exclusivity deal? What if the demand turns out to be small?How does the value of 1-year exclusivity deal change with respect to the probability that the demand is large? If the demand turns out to be large, then with the 1-year exclusivity deal, Five Grains will earn ? 2. 1M, whereas without it they will earn ? 1. 44M on average with the risk of earning less than ? 1M. However, if the demand turns out to be small, then Five Grains will lose ? 1. 1M, whereas without it they will earn ? 0. 16M. Thus, while there is higher upside with the 1-year exclusivity deal, it also represents a greater downside risk. MSING014 – MSING014B – MSINM014 DECISION & RISK ANALYSIS: EXAMWhen the probability that the demand is high increases by 1%, there is a ? 12,800 increase in the expected profit. MSING014 – MSING014B – MSINM014 DECISION & RISK ANALYSIS: EXAM Question 10. Decision Analysis – A year later The deal for the 1-year exclusivity had been signed for ? 1M, and the demand for the specialty rice wines had turned out to be high. After a new study, Five Grains now projects that the demand for the variety wine will be large with probability 90% (translating into a potential profit of ? 9M), and small with probability 10% (translating into a profit of ? 1M).Moreover, the CEO feels that there is a 95% chance that more than one competitor will adopt the powder, which would allow them to earn 20% of the potential profit, and there is a 5% chance that only 1 firm will adopt , which would allow them to earn 50% of the potential profit. He believes that there is 0% that no firm adopts the powder this year, unless Five Grain brokers a 1-year exclusivity deal again with FastFerment, in which case they will earn 80% o f the potential profit. (i) W hat is the value of 1-year exclusivity for this year for Five Grains? Call this VFG. Five Grains contacts FastFerment and offers to pay (0. * VFG) for a 1-year exclusivity deal, citing the fact that it represents a steep increase from the ? 1M paid in the previous year. (ii) From FastFerment’s point of view, they believe that the adoption rate of the powder has now increased and expects between 50~60% of the manufacturers to become their potential buyers. Taking the rest of the parameters from the previous year as a conservative estimate of the current year (change all the parameters in Table 1, except the % -adopters), what is the minimum amount that FastFerment should demand from Five Grains this year for the 1-year exclusivity deal?Run the simulation analysis using @Risk and find the expected profit with the high adoption rate. W ill the deal go through? From the Decision Tree, we find that the value is approximately ? 4. 8M. MSING014 – MSING014B – MSINM014 DECISION & RISK ANALYSIS: EXAM We find that with the adoption rate between 50~60%, the expected profit is around ? 8. 9M, and there is 10% chance that FastFerment will make ? 15M or more. The deal won’t go through this time as the 1-year exclusivity deal would need to be prohibitively expensive for Five Grains. MSING014 – MSING014B – MSINM014